240-642 Multicast Protocols and Applications

The Internet and Its Protocols
Computer Engineering: 240-643

Introduction to the Subject
Teaching methods, etc.
Assessment
Books
ISO Reference Model
The Internet Protocol Stacks
Overview of the Internet Protocols
Example Internet Protocols

Evaluating Protocols
- Correctness
- Scalability
- Adaptability
Case Study #1
- TFTP
  - Purpose
  - Operation
  - Protocol
  - NetAscii
- Evaluation
  - Correctness
  - Scalability
  - Throughput

Case Study #1
- TFTP
- Evaluation
  - Correctness
  - Scalability
  - Throughput
Case Study #2
- UDP
  - Definition
  - Addresses (Ports)
  - Checksums
  - Evaluation
Case Study #3
- TCP
  - Purpose
  - Specification
  - Sequence Numbers

Case Study #3 (continued)
- TCP
  - The Window
  - Data Exchange
  - Acknowledgements
  - Connections
  - Data Recovery
  - TCP Flags

Case Study #3 (continued)
- TCP
  - TCP Flags (Continued)
Finite State Machines
Case Study #4
- TCP Connection Establishment
  - TCP FSM
  - Synchronise
  - Connection Identity
  - Open
  - Sequence Numbers (reprise)
  - Close
- Graceful Termination
- Options

TCP Evaluation
- Window Size & Throughput
- Increasing the window
- Option Negotiation

TCP Evaluation
- RTT Measurement
- Typical Connection
  - UDP Comparison
- Improvements?
- Maximum Transmission Rate
TCP for Transactions
- Design
- Correctness
- Unusual Cases

IP
Evolution of IP addresses

IP Address Assignment methods
IPv6
IPv6 compared to IPv4
- Header fields that are
  - Essentially Unchanged
  - Modified
  - Deleted
Example (Similar) Packets

IPv6 Headers
- Chains
- Processing
Options Header
- IPv4 Options - and why they are not used
- IPv6 Options
IPv6 Addresses

Host Configuration
- IPv4
- DHCP (introduction)
- IPv6 Autoconfiguration
  - v6 address generation

When to Autoconfigure
- DHCPv6
- Router Advertisements
IPv6 Addresses
- Loopback
- Link Local
- Site Local
- Local
- Global

IPv6 Addresses (continued)
- IPv4 Compatible Addresses
- IPv4 Mapped Addresses
- Multicast Addresses
Fragmentation and Reassembly
- Fragmentation Example

Lecture 13:
&
Lecture 14:

Fragmentation and Reassembly (continued)
Fragmentation
- Fragmentation Example
- Fragmenting Fragments
- Design Tradeoffs
Reassembly
- Queues
- Fragment Merging
- Example
TTL & Reassembly
Odd cases for reassembly
Where to reassemble
Fragmentation Problem
Path MTU Discovery
Fragmentation Lessons

Lessons from IPv4 fragmentation
Fragmentation & IPv6
- IPv6 Fragmentation Header
Issues with Protocol Development

ICMP
Issues with ICMP for IPv4

ICMPv6
Development of ICMPv6
ICMPv6 Error Messages

ICMPv6 Information Messages
IPv6 Neighbour Discovery
- Router Advertisment
- Router Solicitation
- ARP (IPv4)
- Neighbour Solicitation
- Neighbour Advertisment

Duplicate Address Detection
Neighbour Unreachability Detection

Security of Neighbour Discovery
- Issues
Cryptographically Generated Addresses

Cryptographically Generated Addresses
- Generation
- Signing ND packets
- Verification
Router Advertisment Security
- Trust Chains
- Trust Anchor
- Configuration of Trust Anchors
- Certificate Chains

More Complex protocols
E-Mail
Definition using grammar
ABNF

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More to Come